Home » Open thread 7/22/22

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Open thread 7/22/22 — 10 Comments

  1. I have an amateur’s interest in population genetics, and have taken John Hawks’s online course on Coursera, “Human Evolution: Past and Future,” so I was happy to see Neo link to this video of him talking about Neanderthals.

    Hawks’s lecture was recorded in 2013, and quite a bit of research on Neanderthals has been done since then, but there are still plenty of open questions. For example, both mitochondrial DNA (matrilineal inheritance) and Y chromosomes (patrilineal inheritance) indicate that modern humans and Neanderthals are more closely related to each other than either is to Denisovans. On the other hand, whole genome data indicates that Neanderthals and Denisovans are more closely related to each other than either is to modern humans. How can this contradiction be resolved? The paleogeneticist, David Reich, half-seriously proposes that “non-Africans are best described as Neanderthals, with 98 percent modern human mixture, or something profoundly philosophically unsettling like that” (https://tinyurl.com/2umc7ayc), which takes us back to the title of Hawks’s lecture from nine years ago, “Are we the Last Neanderthals?”.

  2. Geoffrey Britain:

    No, it is not. See this 30-second excerpt I’ve cued up. The reconstruction of Neaderthals is quite different these days as we learn more about them.

  3. I had my DNA tested by 23 and Me. They cited above average Neanderthal DNA for me. Some research indicates that would be about 3%. Most of my DNA comes from northern Europeans, but I have some West African DNA and some Ashkenazi Jew DNA. Wonder how that happened.

  4. I find that 30 second clip unpersuasive, in that it points to evidence of the Neanderthals being more sophisticated than formerly supposed but does nothing to substantiate a revisioning of their appearance. Typical of a desire to create a revised mindset in others is exaggerating the implications of new tangential evidence.

    Compare the drawing shown in this post to…
    Images for computer reconstruction of neanderthal facial structure
    https://duckduckgo.com/?q=Neanderthal&t=brave&ia=images&iax=images

  5. Geoffrey Britain:

    You misunderstand why I offered the clip. My point was that it wasn’t some arbitrary image, but a part of the presentation. Obviously he’s not explaining the entire basis for the revised images of Neanderthals in the 30-second clip. This guy is a big expert on Neanderthals and it’s a long talk where he discusses them in great depth, including recent findings.

    If you do a search for Neanderthal images, you’ll find a wide variety.

  6. JJ:
    This is what 23 and Me found for me:

    You have more Neanderthal DNA than 56% of other customers.
    You inherited a small amount of DNA from your Neanderthal ancestors. Out of the 7,462 variants we tested, we found 243 variants in your DNA that trace back to the Neanderthals.

    All together, your Neanderthal ancestry accounts for less than ~2 percent of your DNA.

  7. Ira M. Siegel: Wow, their explanation of your DNA is far more complete than mine. All mines said was I had above average Neanderthal DNA. I wondered what that meant and looked around the Internet. From what your profile says, 2% could be above average.

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